The Castle of Baia, one of the historical jewels located in the heart of the Phlegraean Fields, stands as an extraordinary testament to the past. In this article, we will explore its history and delve into its transformation into a magnificent archaeological museum. We will also provide information on how to reach it.
History of the Castle of Baia
The Castle of Baia, erected between 1490 and 1493 by the Aragonese, was a key stronghold in the defense of the Campanian coast against naval incursions. Built to protect the Gulf of Pozzuoli, the castle underwent several transformations over the centuries. It was expanded during the Spanish Viceroyalty in the 16th and 17th centuries and later underwent further restorations.
The origins of the castle are linked to the discovery of the remains of a sumptuous Roman villa that once stood on the islet of Baia. This villa dates back to the 2nd century BC and was later renovated in subsequent eras. It may have belonged to prominent historical figures, including Julius Caesar himself. Today, the ancient decorated floors and black-and-white mosaics are housed within the keep of the castle, known as the Padiglione Cavaliere.
The Archaeological Museum of the Phlegraean Fields
The Castle of Baia now hosts the Archaeological Museum of the Phlegraean Fields, which was opened in its current form in 2010. This museum offers an extraordinary experience for lovers of archaeology and history. The museum collections are arranged in different sections within the castle, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the history of the Phlegraean Fields.
One of the main sections of the museum is dedicated to the city of Cumae, the first and most advanced Greek colony in the West. Here, visitors can admire artifacts including Roman plaster casts, copies of famous Greek masterpieces, and reconstructions of the city’s forum with its monumental frieze and theatrical masks.
The museum itinerary continues through various historical eras, from the tombs of the indigenous settlement preceding the arrival of the Greeks to the phases of life in the ancient site. You’ll discover the city walls, sanctuaries, and epigraphic evidence of the Greek-Euboean alphabet.
The museum’s rooms are rich in artifacts documenting the history of the Roman cities of Puteoli, Baiae, Bacoli, Misenum, and Liternum. You’ll find sculptures, marble furnishings, and cult objects, offering a comprehensive overview of this rich archaeological region.
How to Get to the Castle of Baia
The Castle of Baia is easily accessible by public transportation. The closest Cumana railway stop to the castle is Lucrino, located about 3 kilometers away. It’s a convenient way to reach this incredible archaeological site.
Opening Hours and Museum Admission
Opening hours and admission fees for the Archaeological Museum of the Phlegraean Fields may vary, so it is advisable to consult the museum’s official website for the most up-to-date information.
